Disaster Management refers to the systematic process of planning, organizing, and coordinating measures to prepare for, respond to, recover from, and mitigate the impacts of disasters. Disasters can be natural, such as earthquakes, floods, and hurricanes, or man-made, such as industrial accidents or terrorist attacks. The goal of disaster management is to minimize loss of life, reduce economic impacts, and expedite recovery efforts.
The process typically includes four main phases:
1. **Preparedness**: Developing plans, training personnel, and conducting drills to ensure readiness for potential disasters.
2. **Response**: Implementing emergency measures to protect life and property immediately following a disaster, including search and rescue operations, medical assistance, and evacuation.
3. **Recovery**: Restoring affected communities back to normalcy through rebuilding infrastructure, providing support services, and restoring essential functions.
4. **Mitigation**: Implementing strategies to reduce the likelihood and impact of future disasters, which may involve improving building codes, land-use planning, and public education.
Effective disaster management involves collaboration between government agencies, non-governmental organizations, and local communities, emphasizing preparedness and resilience.
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